![]() ![]() In Africa, more vulnerable countries included South Africa and Egypt in Europe, they were Russia, Germany, and Italy in Asia and Oceania, they were India, Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey and for the Americas, they were Brazil, USA, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. Based on PVI results, certain countries were more vulnerable than others. The pandemic has placed an unprecedented burden on the world economy, healthcare, and globalization through travel, events cancellation, employment workforce, food chain, academia, and healthcare capacity. Utilizing a technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), we calculated a pandemic vulnerability index (PVI) by creating a quantitative measure of the potential global health. The healthcare capacity was assessed by considering healthcare system indicators and preparedness of countries. The economic impact was measured based on the workforce, event cancellations, food and agriculture, academic institutions, and supply chain. The mobility of individuals and its magnitude was assessed using airline and seaport trade data and travel information. The effect of globalization were operationalized in terms of mobility, economy, and healthcare systems. This paper aims to examine the potential impact of COVID-19 on globalization and global health in terms of mobility, trade, travel, and countries most impacted. Therefore, globalization has emerged as an essential mechanism of disease transmission. Additionally, the rise in urbanization and the closer integration of the world economy have facilitated global interconnectedness. Consequently, trade and travel have been recognized as significant determinants of the spread of disease. Globalization has altered the way we live and earn a livelihood.
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